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Common name
Zithromax (Azithromycin)
Description
Zithromax is a macrolide antibiotic. It slows the growth of, or sometimes kills, sensitive bacteria by reducing the production of important proteins needed by the bacteria to survive.
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Active Ingredients:
Azithromycin
Therapeutic actions:
Azithromycin acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible microorganisms and, thus, interfering with microbial protein synthesis. Nucleic acid synthesis is not affected. Azithromycin concentrates in phagocytes and fibroblasts as demonstrated by in vitro incubation techniques. Using such methodology, the ratio of intracellular to extracellular concentration was >30 after one hour incubation. In vivo studies suggest that concentration in phagocytes may contribute to drug distribution to inflamed tissues.
What is it used for?:
Adults
• Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
• Acute bacterial sinusitis;
• Community-acquired pneumonia;
• Pharyngitis/tonsillitis;
• Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections;
• Urethritis and cervicitis;
• Genital ulcer disease in men; Pediatric Patients:
• Acute otitis media;
• Community-acquired pneumonia;
• Pharyngitis/tonsillitis;
Contraindications and cautions:
• allergy to any ingredient in Zithromax or to other macrolide antibiotics (eg, erythromycin);
• taking pimozide.
Side effects:
Serious side effect:
• diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
• chest pain, uneven heartbeats;
• nausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or
• fever, sore throat, and headache with a severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash.
Less serious side effects:
• mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, or stomach pain;
• dizziness, tired feeling, or headache;
• nervous feeling, sleep problems (insomnia);
• vaginal itching or discharge;
• mild itching or skin rash;
• ringing in your ears, problems with hearing; or
• decreased sense of taste or smell.
Interactions:
• the risk of Zithromax is side effects may be increased by nelfinavir;
• Zithromax is effectiveness may be decreased by rifampin;
• Zithromax may increase the risk of side effects of anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), digoxin, disopyramide, pimozide, or rifampin;
• Theophylline because blood levels may temporarily decrease after stopping Zithromax.
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