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Common name
Nolvadex (Tamoxifen)
Description
Nolvadex an anticancer medication, is prescribed to treat breast cancer. It also has proved effective when cancer has spread in other parts of the body. Nolvadex is most effective in cease of the kind of breast cancer that thrives on estrogen.
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Active Ingredients:
Tamoxifen
Therapeutic actions:
Nolvadex is a nonsteroidal agent that has demonstrated potent antiestrogenic properties in animal test systems. The antiestrogenic effects may be related to its ability to compete with estrogen for binding sites in target tissues such as breast. Tamoxifen inhibits the induction of rat mammary carcinoma induced by dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and causes the regression of already established DMBA-induced tumors. In this rat model, tamoxifen appears to exert its antitumor effects by binding the estrogen receptors.
What is it used for?:
• Treating breast cancer that has spread to other sites in the body.
• Treating other types of breast cancer along with other medicines.
• It is used in women who are at high risk for breast cancer and in women with DCIS (after surgery and radiation) to decrease the risk of developing breast cancer.
Contraindications and cautions:
Do not use this medication if you are allergic to tamoxifen. Before using tamoxifen, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
• liver disease;
• high levels of triglycerides (fatty acids) in your blood;
• a history of stroke or blood clot;
• a history of cataract; or
• if you are receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatment.
Side effects:
General: bone pain; constipation; hot flashes; nausea; tiredness; muscle pain; vaginal discharge; coughing; weight loss.
Serious allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue; unexplained hoarseness); abnormal menstrual periods; sudden severe headache; abnormal vaginal bleeding or bloody discharge; chest pain; coughing up blood; dark urine; decreased sexual desire or ability; fever, chills, or persistent sore throat; swelling of the arms or the legs; groin or pelvic pain or pressure; loss of appetite;; missed menstrual period; new or increased breast tumor or pain; new or unusual lumps; one-sided weakness; pain or swelling in one or both legs; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin; severe or persistent tiredness or weakness; skin changes; loss of balance or coordination stomach pain; unusual bleeding or bruising; vision or speech problems; depression; yellowing of the eyes or skin; shortness of breath.
Interactions:
• Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin) because the risk of bleeding may be increased
• Cytotoxic cancer medicines (eg, cisplatin) because the risk of developing blood clots may be increased
• Rifampin as it may decrease Nolvadex is effectiveness
• Fluorouracil or mitomycin C because they may increase the risk of Nolvadex is side effects
• Aromatase inhibitors (eg, anastrozole, letrozole) because their effectiveness may be decreased by Nolvadex
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